Knowledge

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Fly control

Remove every kind of organism and delete the source of attracting flies are the key way to control the flies. When handling the garbage, the process including storage, collecting, moving, and so on, any of them may cause the reproduction of fly.

Physical Control Method: Using physical method to control or kill fly also can reduce the damage that caused by fly. Fly glue trap, glue board, electric repellent lamp are all can be used indoor for control of flies.

Chemical Control Method: This method mainly uses pesticide to control the flies, and apply space spray, residual spray, poison baits and soaked fly rope. Also, he method can be discussed as under:

	Usually it is hard to control the larvae of fly by applying larvicide. Due to the organism accumulates constantly at the place where the larvae breed, so it is need to apply the baits 1~2 times a week. Also, the baits can kill the natural enemy of fly, and it will help the formation of fly’s resistance to the bait. Spray the amount of the baits in the area that flies gather, and the bait amount must cover the upper side of the area (10~15cm range). Sometime it is also ok to apply dust powder bait or granule bait.
	Apply residual spray in the place where the adult flies inhabit: Spray mainly in the place where flies inhabit, and usually it is better to spray before the quantity of the flies not reach to the peak. The efficacy of the flies control depends on the after conditions: what kind of bait is used, the way of spraying, temperature, humidity, the sunlight and so on. When using the sprayer with law pressure, it is suggested to spray 4~8 liters at 100 m2. Usually the baits can be mixed with sugar before spraying, and this way can get better efficacy. It is forbidden to spray the baits with organophosphates in some places like restaurant, kitchen, milk factory, cow house, chicken house and so on, however for those places it is suggested to spray the baits with Parathyroid like cypermethrin, permethrin, Deltamethrin and so on.
	Soaked fly ropes: Flies like to stay on the linear objects, so it is a good way to soak the rope in the baits and to attract the adult flies stay on the rope and kill them. Especially the soaked rope way can be applied in the places where are not proper to spray the baits, like animals’ houses, chicken house, market, stores and so on. Usually we soak the ropes with Fenitrothion 25% and add sugar on the rope will be more effective. Hang the ropes vertically, and use dark or red ropes will be better.
	Space spray: Use Parathyroid or Piperonyl Butoxide when apply space spray indoor, and it can knock out the flies effectively, and it contains law toxicity to other animals.
	Directly spray to the gathered flies: Use pesticide and directly spray it to the place where flies gather, like a garbage dump, garbage truck and so on. This way is also can kill the flies effectively.

After changing to use the septic tank instead of the manure pit, the quantity of fly decreased a lot.

	Close the places where possibly breed the flies, and it can remove the multiplying of the flies.
	Using conveyor belt to handle the dung and urine of the livestock or collecting it by man in a closed area.
	Install the screen windows around the excrement bed, and use pesticide to apply residual spray on the screen windows; or change the screen windows as electric ones to kill the female flies that come to produce the eggs.
	Keep dry of the place where collecting the excrement, and it is better to use dry stuff there.
	Put a dryer below the chicken cages to keep the cages dry, and it can ease the smell of the chicken excrement to prevent luring the flies.
	Dead chickens and broken eggs are easily to attract the flies, so it is need to clean the dead chicken and broken eggs everyday.

Application of fly management experience in the dumps:

	Using pesticide and directly spray it to the place where flies gather. Especially apply the pesticide and spray it at night time while the flies are sleeping, and the result will be more effectively.
	The pesticide that used to control adult flies and larvae should not have the same chemical function in order to avoid the flies have resistance or cross resistance to the pesticide.
	Due to the life history of fly is short, so it is better not to use Parathyroid by applying residual spray, because when the Parathyroid decompose to the law concentration, it will easily release the resistance for the flies.
	Use the fly catch rope and hang it on the ceilings of the pig house or chicken firm. Soak the rope with glue or dip in the pesticide that mixed with 10% of sugar.
	Protect well the natural enemies of fly (birds, frogs and so on).

Collecting, specializing and combination are the way to handle the organic fertilizer (excrement and urine) of Birds and livestock.

	The raw excrement of chicken can easily to attract flies, so it should be decomposed thoroughly first before being used as fertilizer.
	Using pesticide, microbial agent, insect growth regulator and calcium cyan to mix with the excrement of livestock and ferment airtight for 3 days, and it can effectively kill the maggots of fly.
	Soak the fishing net in the pesticide, and hang the net inside/outside of the chicken firm, pigpen, bullpen to kill the adult flies.
	The right time to use the electric fly trap is when the sun set. Notice the right ways to use the electric fly trap.

Combining ways to control flies: There are many ways to control flies, and each way has its advantage and limitation also. In addition, if only use one way to control flies, the flies will become to get with it in the long run and even will have resistance to the way. So, the ideal way to control flies is to use at least 2 ways at the same time, and change to use other ways by turns in order to avoid the flies have the resistance to one of the ways. This ideal way is called combining ways.

Control of the flies together: In past, the sources of attracting the flies in Taiwan were fertilizer and garbage, and now the sources are the excrement and compost of livestock. The life history of fly is short, so if apply the pesticide not properly, it will let flies have the resistance easily. Also, fly has wings and that can make it fly 6~8 kilometers per hour. The smell sense of fly is very keen, so it will attract the flies if handling the excrement of livestock is not properly. So, the way to control of flies needs all people to do it together.